Multiple Choice Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Tonia has been arrested for vandalism, destruction of property, and theft. But
she’s never committed _____ violence.
a. | materialistic | c. | conjecture | b. | subjective | d. | interpersonal |
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2.
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Once he had _____ to a position high enough in the college’s
organizational chart, Josh began to see first-hand why faculty and administration argue so
much.
a. | ascended | c. | interpersonal | b. | conjectured | d. | materialistic |
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3.
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How do I know that what you’re saying isn’t just _____? Show me your
evidence.
a. | a rosy picture | c. | ascending | b. | materialistic | d. | conjecture |
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4.
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The ability to be objective, to see things without emotion or judgment, is very
important to a scientist. The ability to remain _____, however, is highly prized by the artist, who
is usually more interested in reintroducing the scientist to his feelings.
a. | conjecture | c. | interpersonal | b. | subjective | d. | materialistic |
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5.
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Andrew is a lot of fun and has a great sense of humor. Unfortunately, he’s
pretty shallow and _____, which often turns off people who try to get to know him on a deeper, more
intimate level. He seems to have a revolving door of friends as a result of these traits.
a. | interpersonal | c. | materialistic | b. | subjective | d. | ascending |
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6.
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Some people paint a ______ of their relationship, only discussing the good and
hiding their troubles and discontentment from friends and family.
a. | ascendance | c. | rosy picture | b. | conjecture | d. | subjective |
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7.
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Confidence doesn’t really come from how much you know. It comes from the
abilities you develop. For example, students who simply memorize facts from their textbooks often end
up frustrated when they take a test on the material. The test information is often presented
differently than in the book, and this confuses them easily. However, those students who develop
better and better study methods cannot be fooled by a test. Since their studying involves reshaping
the material into his or her own terms, they are more confident, and therefore less _____, before a
test.
a. | anxious | c. | persevering | b. | gregarious | d. | stringent |
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8.
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_____ rules and discipline are not enough for success in this line of work. At
this hospital, you’ve got to really love what you’re doing.
a. | Persevering | c. | Stringent | b. | Ambiguity | d. | Gregarious |
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9.
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Miranda and her boyfriend gradually grew apart. As he pursued his degree in
performing arts, he became increasingly _____. She, on the other hand, was studying creative writing
at the university and became increasingly reclusive, spending many Friday nights alone at the
keyboard.
a. | anxious | c. | ambiguous | b. | gregarious | d. | persevering |
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10.
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Politicians are known for not answering questions very clearly. This _____
results, in part, from their caution. In politics, a few poorly chosen words can do a lot of
damage.
a. | ambiguity | c. | stringent | b. | persevering | d. | gregarious |
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11.
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Nicotine gum, “the patch,” and hypnosis—none of these things
worked very well for me when I was quitting smoking. _____ was the only real thing that did it for
me.
a. | Stringent | c. | Anxiety | b. | Persevering | d. | Ambiguity |
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12.
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According to your textbook, when you highlight main ideas and major details you
should
a. | highlight as you read to stay engaged. | b. | highlight only the headings discussed in
class. | c. | highlight just enough to help you recall the ideas later. | d. | highlight entire
sentences instead of words and phrases. |
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13.
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According to your textbook, when you annotate in your textbook,
a. | you should use the standard symbols for annotation. | b. | develop your own
personal symbols and abbreviations. | c. | you should avoid writing your own
opinions. | d. | outline the text. |
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14.
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What goes in the right-hand column in the Cornell note-taking system?
a. | detailed notes | c. | self-quizzing questions | b. | annotation
symbols | d. | page
references |
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15.
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What is a paraphrase?
a. | an informal kind of citation that refers to source material | b. | a part of a
paragraph that is neither the topic sentence nor a supporting detail | c. | a diversion for the
author’s current stream of thought | d. | a restatement of the author’s ideas in
the reader’s own words |
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16.
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According to your textbook, paraphrasing is
a. | useful mainly for important ideas that you have difficulty
understanding. | b. | to be used in the introductory paragraph of every chapter
section. | c. | especially effective to use on sidebars. | d. | all of the
above. |
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17.
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A learning aid that normally occurs at the beginning of a textbook chapter is
a
a. | sidebar. | c. | chapter summary. | b. | set of focus questions. | d. | set of review
questions. |
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18.
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Headings and subheadings in a chapter primarily help you
a. | use references to other chapters. | b. | see how experts in the field of study think
about their topic. | c. | determine what page you are
on. | d. | remember the name of the chapter you’re in. |
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19.
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Sidebars, as learning aids in textbooks, often reveal
a. | the chapter concepts as they occur in examples. | b. | real-world
applications of the chapter’s ideas. | c. | research findings that relate to a
topic. | d. | all of the above. |
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20.
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According to your textbook, review questions and self-quizzes can be used
to
a. | check your prior knowledge before reading. | b. | find other books on
the same topic. | c. | check the author’s source material. | d. | argue a point to its
logical conclusion. |
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21.
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A chapter summary serves as a
a. | substitute for reading the parts of the chapter that are too difficult to
comprehend. | b. | review of the specifics of the chapter. | c. | reminder of the big
picture of the chapter topics. | d. | cross-reference to other
chapters. |
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The following passages come from college textbooks. To better understand each
one, three students have attempted to paraphrase. One student’s paraphrase is too similar to
the original words. Another student ends up confusing the original meaning. Only one of them
succeeds, effectively restating the ideas in his or her own words. Select the student that
succeeds.
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22.
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During the Great Depression, nearly 60 percent of the nation attended at least
one film a week. Hollywood studios responded by churning out more than 5,000 movies during the
1930s. — From SCHULTZ. HIST
2e (p. 392). Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning.
a. | Student A: Hollywood was not affected by the Great Depression. The
studios still made many movies during the 1930s, which indicates that studios still made a lot of
money during the Depression. | b. | Student B: More than 5,000
movies films were made in the 1930s. About 60% of the country went to at least one movie a
week. | c. | Student C: In the 1930s, more than half the population of the U.S.
saw at least one movie each week. Even though it was the Great Depression, Hollywood still continued
to meet the demand of the public by making many films. |
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23.
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Your clothing and personal grooming communicate a message about you. Now more
than ever, people use clothing choices, body art, and other personal grooming to communicate who they
are and what they stand for. Likewise, when we meet someone, we are likely to form our impression of
them from how they are dressed and groomed. — From VERDERBER/VERDERBER. Communicate! 12e (p.
87). Copyright © 2008 Cengage Learning.
a. | Student A: In today’s world, people express themselves through
their choice of clothing and how they choose to groom themselves. As a result, naturally people form
an opinion about someone based on how they appear. | b. | Student B: Wearing certain
clothing or having tattoos or piercings will communicate a message to others whether you want it to
or not. | c. | Student C: There are many more choices in clothing and more options in
grooming ourselves than there were years ago. People will judge you based on what you decide to
wear. |
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24.
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The issue of government interests versus press freedom surfaced early in the
Civil War. In 1861, Union General Winfield Scott forbade telegraph companies from transmitting
military information because he was afraid some stories would help the South.
—From BIAGI.
Media/Impact: An Introduction to Mass Media 8e (p. 8). Copyright © 2007 Cengage
Learning
a. | Student A: Soon after the Civil War began, the Union General Winfield
Scott protected the people by keeping the press from transmitting news stories. This early tension
between the press and the military demonstrates just how fragile democracy is. | b. | Student B:
Union General Winfield Scott protected military secrets by restricting the press from
telegraphing military information. Such conflicts between government goals personal freedom began
soon after the Civil War began. | c. | Student C: In 1861, Union General
Winfield Scott forbade telegraph companies from transmitting military secrets because he was afraid
it would help the South. This shows how the conflict between government interests and personal
freedom surfaced early in the Civil War. |
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25.
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Between 800 and 500 B.C.E., the Greek people left their homeland in large
numbers to settle in distant lands. Poverty and land hunger created by the growing gulf between rich
and poor, overpopulation, and the development of trade were all factors that led to the establishment
of colonies .
—From DUIKER/SPIELVOGEL. World History, Comprehensive Edition 3e
(p. 101). Copyright © 2001 Cengage Learning
a. | Student A: From 800 to 500 B.C.E., overpopulation and the need for
wealth drove many Greeks to colonize faraway lands. Increasing trade helped make it possible for them
to claim lands of their own away from the wealthy class that had kept them from
prospering. | b. | Student B: Between 800 and 500 B.C.E., many Greeks left their homeland
to settle in distant lands. Overpopulation, the development of trade, and the poverty created by the
increasing separation between rich and poor were all factors that led to this
change. | c. | Student C: Between 800 and 500 B.C.E., large numbers of wealthy Greeks
established colonies away from their overpopulated homeland. This increased trade in reduced the
divide between the upper and lower classes. |
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26.
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Gender discrimination and racial/ethnic discrimination are often associated with
the so-called glass ceiling, the invisible barrier that prevents women and minorities from
advancing to the top jobs in organizations.
—From WILLIAMS.
Management 4e (p. 391). Copyright © 2007 Cengage Learning
a. | Student A: The term glass ceiling refers to the discrimination
that women and minorities can experience in organizations, which invisibly blocks their promotion to
high positions. | b. | Student B: Gender discrimination sometimes blocks women and minorities
from being accepted to the glass ceiling, the inner circle of executives in an
organization. | c. | Student C: Discrimination against women and minorities is often
associated with the so-called glass ceiling, the invisible barrier that prevents women and
non-whites from advancing to the top positions in organizations. |
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27.
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Although ancient Athens had been ruled by a monarchy, by the seventh century
B.C.E. it had fallen under the control of its aristocrats. They possessed the best land and thereby
controlled political and religious life by means of their council of nobles. —From
DUIKER/SPIELVOGEL. World History, Comprehensive Edition 3e (p. 401). Copyright © 2001 Cengage
Learning
a. | Student A: Though ancient Athens had been ruled by a monarchy, it had
fallen under the control of aristocrats by the seventh century. These aristocrats had the best land,
and they controlled political and religious life by means of a council of nobles. | b. | Student B:
By the seventh century B.C.E., Aristocrats had become quite powerful in Athens. Their greater
land wealth allowed them to form council of nobles that wielded the political and religious power
that had formerly belonged to the monarchy. | c. | Student C: Athens’ monarchy
was overthrown by the Aristocrats in seventh century B.C.E., surrendering its political and religious
power to those who had more and better land. |
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28.
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As a plant grows, the number, size, and volume of its cells increase. Its cells
form specialized tissues and organs. As they develop, cells communicate with other cells by secreting
signaling molecules into extracellular fluid and by responding to similar signals
themselves.
—From STARR. Biology: Concepts and Applications 6e (p. 458).
Copyright © 2006 Cengage Learning
a. | Student A: A plant’s cells, as they grow and multiply, diversify
into specialized tissues and organs. They coordinate this by communicating with each other through
signal molecules, which they release into the plant’s extracellular fluid. | b. | Student B:
The number, size, and volume of a plant’s cells increase as it grows. The cells eventually
form specialized tissues and organs. Meanwhile, cells communicate with other cells by secreting
signal molecules into extracellular fluid and by responding to similar signals
themselves. | c. | Student C: During a plant’s development, it forms signal molecules
that cause cells to communicate. They accomplish this by releasing specialized tissues and organs
into the plant’s extracellular fluid. |
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29.
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The writers of the U.S. Constitution felt that the opinion of the majority
sometimes needs to be tempered by the wisdom of elected representatives. One example of this
tempering of majority rule is the election of the President of the United States by the Electoral
College rather than by a direct vote of the people.
—From PARKS. A Mathematical View of Our World 1e (p. 163).
Copyright © 2007 Cengage Learning
a. | Student A: The U.S. Constitution was written by men who felt that the
opinion of the majority sometimes needs to be adjusted by the wisdom of elected officials. One
example of this tempering of majority rule is the election of the President by the Electoral College
instead of by the direct vote of the people. | b. | Student B: The direct, popular
vote of the people has little actual power in the United States, since the actual vote is done by the
Electoral College. The writers of the constitution believed that the masses were not yet educated
enough to make such far-reaching political decisions. | c. | Student C: The United States has
safeguards against unwise majority rule. It is not the direct vote of the people that elects a U.S.
president, for example; it is the Electoral College. The authors of the constitution believed that
elected representatives must supervise and sometimes adjust popular
decisions. |
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Essay
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The following passages come from a college textbook. Create a
paraphrase.
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1.
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Trichromatic theory holds that the eye has three groups of receptors sensitive
to wavelengths associated with red, green, and blue. —From WEITEN. Psychology: Themes and Variations 7e (p.8).
Copyright © 2007 Cengage Learning
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2.
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Piaget believed that children are naturally curious. They constantly want to
make sense of their experience and, in the process, construct their understanding of the world. For
Piaget, children of all ages are like scientists in that they create theories about how the world
works. Of course, children’s theories are valuable to them because they make the world
seem more predictable. —From KAIL/CAVANAUGH. Human Development: A Life-Span View 4e (p.
132). Copyright © 2007 Cengage Learning
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